Hydraulic breakers are indispensable high-efficiency crushing equipment in mining, construction, and road operations. It uses a hydraulic system to drive a piston to move back and forth at high speed, converting hydraulic energy into mechanical shock energy, and finally transmitting the huge impact force to the surface of hard objects through a drill rod to achieve effective crushing.

The core working components include the hydraulic cylinder, the piston and the drill rod. Overall work efficiency is influenced by factors such as the pressure and flow rate of the hydraulic system and the stroke and frequency of the piston. Modern breakers use high-strength alloy steel and wear-resistant coatings to enhance durability, and with intelligent hydraulic control systems for automatic adjustment of impact force and frequency, and some new models are equipped with shock absorption and noise reduction technologies, significantly improving the working environment.
Main application areas

Mining: Used for crushing ores and rocks of various hardness to create conditions for subsequent transportation and processing, significantly enhancing mining efficiency.
Construction: Plays a key role in construction processes such as demolition of old buildings and crushing of concrete structures, can precisely crush targets and reduce damage to surrounding structures.
Road construction: Widely used in operations such as breaking down road surface obstacles and excavating roadbeds, providing strong support for road construction.
Municipal and special operations: The silent breaker is suitable for urban night construction, while the underwater type is suitable for underwater operations such as port dredging.
Main types

1. Classified by drive mode:
Hydraulically driven type: Mainstream type, relying on the hydraulic system of the excavator or loader, wide power range (15-300kN·m), suitable for high-intensity continuous operation.
Pneumatic-driven type is suitable for situations without a hydraulic source, with a lower impact frequency, and is often used in small-scale demolition projects.
2 Classified by structural design:
Internal combustion type: Strikes by reciprocating piston, suitable for medium-hard rocks such as granite.
High-frequency type: The impact frequency can reach 800-1200 times per minute, especially suitable for brittle materials such as concrete.
Special types: including the silent type for urban use (with buffered noise reduction) and the underwater type for underwater operations (supporting 5-10 meters water depth).
Selection guide and Key parameters
Key considerations for selection:
Match host equipment:
The weight of the breaker should be scientifically matched with the weight of the excavator and the capacity of the bucket to avoid overturning due to being too heavy or damaging the machine due to being too small. It can be estimated according to the following formula:
Wh = (0.6-0.8)(W4 + pV)
Here, Wh is the total weight of the breaker (including the drill rod and mounting frame), W4 is the weight of the bucket, p is the sand density (often 1600 N/m³), and V is the bucket capacity.
The hydraulic flow should be such that the required flow of the breaker ≤ 80% of the remaining flow of the main machine in case of system overload.
Material hardness fit:
Soft rock (such as shale) : Select the hardness of the drill rod HRC42-45
Hard rock (such as basalt) : High strength alloy steel rods with HRC48-52 should be selected
Working environment factors:
Low-temperature hydraulic oil (ensuring fluidity at -30 ° C) should be used in high-altitude areas, and cyclone filters are recommended in dusty environments.
Selection recommendations for typical scenarios:
Mining: Prefer large-tonnage internal combustion breakers (such as the HB3000 type), which are often used in conjunction with rock drills.
Building demolition: High-frequency breakers are used in conjunction with scissor arms to reduce the risk of secondary blasting.
Municipal works: Choose silent models and install dust suppression hoods to meet environmental requirements.
Common Selection Misunderstandings and Countermeasures:
Misconception 1: Blindly pursuing high power leads to a sharp increase in fuel consumption of the main engine.
Countermeasure: Calculate the required power reasonably based on the rockwell hardness coefficient (f) and the working area (formula: P = 0.02 × f × working area).
Misconception 2: Ignoring the normal wear cycle of the drill rod leads to piston damage.
Countermeasure: Establish a regular monitoring mechanism to measure the diameter decay of the drill rod every 50 hours.
Replacement and installation steps
Conventional installation method:
Remove the pin shaft pin sleeve from the bucket and store it properly for future use.
Use a grease gun to inject grease into the drill hole sleeve of the breaker, install the drill and insert the fixing pin.
Insert the excavator forearm sleeve between the ear plates of the breaker housing and install the pin shaft sleeve.
Operate the arm to lift the breaker, adjust the position and install the pin sleeve on the other side.
Connect the high pressure hose between the forearm oil pipe and the cylinder in the breaker, tighten the bolts and open the valve to test the machine.
Steps for using the quick-change device:
Make sure the excavator is parked in a flat, safe area, and check that all parts of the quick-change device are intact and adequately lubricated, and there are no leaks in the hydraulic system.
Confirm that the connection between the breaker hammer and the hopper is clean and undamaged.
Raise the hopper to the appropriate height and leave sufficient operating space.
Operate the hydraulic cylinder of the quick-change device to separate the hopper from the device.
Align the hammer connection pin hole and operate the hydraulic cylinder to secure it firmly to the quick-change device.
Conclusion
The correct selection, installation and use of hydraulic breakers are crucial for improving operational efficiency and reducing overall operating costs. Zhongsheng Machinery has the capacity to produce a wide range of high-quality hydraulic breakers and drill rods, strictly adhering to enterprise norms that are higher than national standards, and can provide differentiated and cost-effective product solutions based on different working conditions of customers, effectively breaking the long-term reliance on imports for high-end drill rods.
For further information on equipment selection or technical support, please contact our professional team for detailed solutions and trial operation services.